They were the first passengers to use a $181 million railroad project that paralleled Interstate 5. It should have been a celebration Monday for everyone on board Amtrak Cascades 501.
Instead, it became a disastrous derailment that has killed six people and hurt nearly everyone on board the train, along with several auto passengers on the freeway below.
How could the first run of a project 10 years in the making go so horribly wrong? Officials will be asking that question in the days, weeks and months to come.
“Obviously it could be an operator error, it could be an obstruction on the line itself or it could be a safety issue where the track was not able to handle the speed,” said state Rep. Jake Fey, D-Tacoma, the vice chairman of the House Transportation Committee. “All of those things are bad.
“You want to be sure when you build new projects like this that they’re going to be safe. This is not good for encouraging passenger traffic on Amtrak from Portland to Tacoma.”
Amtrak operates the Cascades regional trains for the Washington and Oregon departments of transportation. The trains run between Eugene, Oregon, and Seattle. Another route goes from Seattle to Vancouver, British Columbia.
On Sunday evening, Amtrak ran its last passenger trains along the old route that followed Puget Sound’s shoreline.
On Monday morning, a new Tacoma train station opened at Freighthouse Square and Cascades train No. 501 left about 7 a.m. on its way to Olympia using the new, inland route.
It never made it to the capital, derailing about a mile from where it would have rejoined the old route near the Billy Frank Jr. Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge.
A total of 14 Cascades trains were intended to use the new passenger route each day. In addition, Amtrak’s signature West Coast train, the Coast Starlight, was to use the route twice daily, going south to Los Angeles and north to Seattle.
Transportation officials have long wanted to bypass the scenic route along Puget Sound for two main reasons: It would cut 10 minutes of travel time off the Tacoma to Olympia route, and it would ease congestion on the old route.
The old, shoreline route was intended to be used only by freight trains operated by BNSF Railway, starting Monday.
That route was the scene of another Amtrak Cascades derailment July 2 that injured some of the 267 passengers on board. That accident also occurred near a train bridge. The cause was attributed to excessive speed and outdated equipment.
The Point Defiance Bypass project was seven years in the making with planning and design before then.
The new route uses the same tracks Sound Transit Sounder trains use on their way to Lakewood from Tacoma. That route splits off from the mainline where Interstate 5 crosses the Puyallup River, east of Freighthouse Square.
From Lakewood, the new route takes only Amtrak trains south along Interstate 5 on completely rebuilt rails, track bed and crossings. However, the trestle and concrete abutments where the derailment occurred were decades old.
After crossing that bridge the route then connects with BNSF Railway’s main line just north of Nisqually.
For more than 100 years, passenger and freight trains have traveled along Tacoma’s waterfront, along Puget Sound and then headed inland just north of Nisqually.
Those trains used a train bridge over Interstate 5 about 4,000 feet south of the bridge that was the scene of Monday’s disaster. The two routes meet up and become one just south of there.
Amtrak planned to run its trains up to 79 miles per hour. It’s unknown how fast the derailed train was moving Monday.
Officials have been testing the new route but details on how extensive those tests have been were not available Monday.
As of late Monday morning, Amtrak Cascades and Starlight trains were once again using the shore route.
Latest information about the Amtrak train derailment in Washington: nbcbay.com/ePuaKR8
- At least 6 killed; death count expected to rise, according to U.S. official
- Train may have struck something on the track- Positive train control technology was not implemented
Update on this story: Official: Train brake automatically activated in fatal wreck
DUPONT, Wash. — Investigators are looking into whether the Amtrak engineer whose speeding train plunged off an overpass, killing at least three people, was distracted by the presence of an employee-in-training next to him in the locomotive, a federal official said Tuesday.
The official, who was not authorized to discuss the matter publicly and spoke on condition of anonymity, said investigators want to know whether the engineer lost "situational awareness" because of the second person in the cab.
Preliminary information indicated that the emergency brake on the Amtrak train that derailed in Washington state went off automatically and was not manually activated by the engineer, National Transportation Safety Board member Bella Dinh-Zarr said.
The train was hurtling at 80 mph (129 kph) in a 30 mph (48 kph) zone Monday morning when it ran off the rails along a curve south of Seattle, sending some of its cars plummeting onto an interstate highway below, Dinh-Zarr said, citing data from the locomotive's event recorder.
Skid marks — so-called "witness marks" — from the train's wheels show where it left the track, she added.
Dinh-Zarr said it is not yet known what caused the train to derail and that it was too early in the investigation to conclude why it was going so fast.
Investigators will talk to the engineer and other crew members and review the event data record from the lead locomotive as well as an identical device from the rear engine, which has already been studied. Investigators are also trying to get images from two on-board cameras that were damaged in the crash, she said.
There were two people in the cab of the train at the time of the crash, the engineer and an in-training conductor who familiarizing himself with the route, Dinh-Zarr said. A second conductor was in the passenger cabin at the time of the crash, which is also part of the job responsibility, she said.
In previous wrecks, investigators looked at whether the engineer was distracted or incapacitated. It is standard procedure in a crash investigation to test the engineer for alcohol or drugs and check to determine whether he or she was using a cellphone, something that is prohibited while the train is running.
The engineer, whose name was not released, was bleeding from the head after the crash and his eyes were swollen shut, according to radio transmissions from a crew member. The transmissions mentioned a second person in the front of the train who was also hurt.
The train, with 85 passengers and crew members, was making the inaugural run along a fast new bypass route that was created by refurbishing freight tracks alongside Interstate 5. The 15-mile, $180.7 million project was aimed at speeding up service by bypassing a route with a number of curves, single-track tunnels and freight traffic.
Investigators were also looking into what training was required of the engineer and other crew members to operate on the new route, said Ted Turpin, the lead NTSB investigator of the crash. That includes assessing the training process and how much time the workers were required to spend on the trains before they shuttled passengers, he said.
"Under Amtrak policy he couldn't run this train without being qualified and running this train previously," Turpin said of the engineer.
At least some of the crew had been doing runs on the route for two weeks prior to the crash, including a Friday ride-along for local dignitaries, Dinh-Zarr added.
The bypass underwent testing by Sound Transit and Amtrak beginning in January and at least until July, according to documents on the Washington Department of Transportation website.
Positive train control — technology that can automatically slow or stop a speeding train — was not in use on that stretch of track. Track sensors and other PTC components have been installed, but the system is not expected to be completed until the spring, transit officials said.
Regulators have been pressing railroads for years to install such technology, and some have done so, but the deadline has been extended repeatedly at the industry's request and is now set for the end of 2018.
Dinh-Zarr said it was too early in the investigation to say whether positive train control would have prevented Monday's tragedy.
The 7:34 a.m. accident left mangled train cars up on top of each other, with one hanging precariously over the freeway. The screech and clang of metal were followed by silence, then screams, as the injured cried out to rescuers and motorists pulled over and rushed to help.
In addition to those killed, more than 70 people were injured, 10 of them seriously.
Two of the dead were identified as train buffs and members of the rail advocacy group All Aboard Washington and were excited to be on board for the inaugural run: Jim Hamre, a retired civil engineer with the state Transportation Department, and Zack Willhoite, a customer service employee at a local transit agency.
"It's pretty devastating. We're having a tough time," said All Aboard Washington executive director Lloyd Flem.
In 2015, an Amtrak train traveling at twice the 50 mph (80 kph) speed limit derailed along a sharp curve in Philadelphia, killing eight people. Investigators concluded the engineer was distracted by reports over the radio of another train getting hit by a rock.
In September, a judge threw out charges of involuntary manslaughter and reckless endangerment against the engineer, saying the crash did not appear to rise to a crime. Prosecutors are trying to get the case reinstated.
Amtrak agreed to pay $265 million to settle claims filed by the victims and their families. It has also installed positive train control on all its track between Boston and Washington.
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